Month: June 2021

Good Sunday morning to you. As promised, we are here with an update on the tropics, as we watch the potential for development in the Gulf this week.

Quick Houston weather update

I just want to lead with a quick update on our near-term weather here in Houston. It hit 98° yesterday officially, and we’re running slightly hotter already today. We typically don’t see our first 98° day until July 9th, so we’re running close to a month ahead of schedule there. That doesn’t mean we’re necessarily headed for 100° this afternoon, but it’s going to be another scorcher. Please take it easy outdoors. In addition, it’s an ozone action day, so anyone with respiratory sensitivity will want to limit outdoor activity.

The big difference between today and prior days is with rain chances. Yesterday was close to zero. Today will be slightly above zero. So we feel at least a few locations, possibly parts of the city, will see a cooling downpour this afternoon. Outside of that, it’s just going to be red hot. Tomorrow and Tuesday will likely see a few more scattered showers and storms in the afternoon. Prior to those developing, look for sun, clouds, and temperatures into at least the mid-90s, with morning lows in the 70s to near 80° in spots.

Tropical update

Alright, the main point of today’s post is to discuss the tropics.

One sentence summary: A tropical system seems likely to form in the Bay of Campeche over the next 5 days, and while we will watch it closely, we are currently expecting a fairly disorganized system with a decent chance that the majority of impacts remain shunted off to our east.

In meteorological speak, when we have a specific disturbance we want to get more information on before it gets close to becoming a tropical depression, it is labeled an “Invest,” or area to investigate. In the Atlantic basin, invests are labeled 90L to 99L, and then the list recycles. In the southern Gulf, we now have Invest 92L.

From the satellite image above, you can see a blotchy area of thunderstorms and little organization. This is mostly what we expected to see this weekend. Development from 92L is probably going to be slow. In fact, the National Hurricane Center says the chances of a depression forming seem to be most likely later this week, so we’ve got some time to watch. As of now, they are assigning 50 percent odds of development over the next 5 days.

In addition, this system is likely to fester and sit over the southern Gulf the next few days without moving much. So that means any impacts here in Texas from 92L likely would not occur until very late this week or next weekend. You might ask why it’s going to struggle to develop if it’s sitting over the southern Gulf, which is about 2 to 3 degrees warmer than normal. Well, for one, it’s sitting over 25 kts. of wind shear, with an area of 40 kts. of wind shear to the north. That’s prohibitive to development.

This shear is not expected to relax much over the next few days. In fact, this wind shear may linger in place through Wednesday or Thursday or beyond.

Given a lack of serious steering currents right now, the system is expected to stay in place over the Bay of Campeche. But, as the week progresses, a strengthening ridge in the Western US, a strengthening trough along the East Coast of the U.S., and a building ridge in the western Caribbean will act to gradually invite 92L to drift northward. The exact track of this system will depend on the actual strength of these features and exactly where the center of Invest 92L forms. In general, modeling is telling us to probably expect a northward drift later this week, with some acceleration to the Gulf Coast on Friday or Saturday. From there, it seems possible that the forward speed may slow. But details on that aspect of things are difficult to really pin down right now. Models seem to favor a track of the center toward areas just east of Houston, keeping most of the Houston area on the less impactful side of the system, but again, it’s too early to be too confident in any track specifics.

In terms of intensity, I think two things are going to seriously inhibit how strong Invest 92L can ultimately get. The first is shear, as noted above. I don’t see any evidence on models that this is going to relax much. That’s the first hurdle this system will have to overcome. It may also further help us in that wind shear could allow for much of the more significant system impacts from rainfall to pushed even farther to our east. For those of you reading us from places other than Houston, it’s important to realize that these early season systems are rarely ever symmetrically put together and impacts from heavy rain in particular can extend hundreds of miles to the east of the center.

The other thing that might lower 92L’s ceiling for intensity would be dry air coming off Texas.

If you look above, you are seeing the GFS forecast of atmospheric relative humidity several thousand feet above us for next weekend. The brown over Texas indicates dry air. The red “L” is the approximate center of 92L as forecast by the GFS on Sunday morning. Don’t focus too closely on that. The green color indicates more ample atmospheric moisture. What is this telling us? Even if the track of 92L shifts 150 miles in either direction, it’s still going to be dealing with dry air possibly getting wrapped in from Texas. That should limit the ceiling of intensity as the storm comes north. Moisture from the storm may be displaced a good bit east of the center as well.

The bottom line, as is often the case with these early season storms: While we will continue to watch closely, at this point we don’t see this as a serious wind-making risk for the area. We are viewing this as a rainfall risk, as well as for some coastal impacts (minor to moderate tidal flooding, overwash, rough seas, etc.). Sitting here on Sunday, I don’t think we need to be especially worried about this either way, but I do feel we should watch things closely this week, just in case anything changes, particularly with respect to rainfall. It’s probably not a bad idea to check in on the forecast once per day and make sure we’re still status quo on things. But truthfully, I feel mostly at ease with where things stand today. Sure, that could change, but for now, we’ll take it!

Look for the latest in our usual Monday morning update tomorrow. Meanwhile, stay cool!

This week has been a good week to dry out a bit. And we have needed that badly. Today should be our fourth or fifth straight mostly dry day, something we haven’t been able to string together since basically early May. As we go through the weekend, most of us will remain dry, but those typical summer rain chances will creep back into the forecast slowly.

Today & Saturday

The next two days will be partly to mostly sunny and hot as high pressure remains locked in control. Look for highs in the low to mid-90s and lows in the 70s. It will feel like 100° to 105° at times when you factor in the humidity, and a handful of spots could feel even a bit hotter.

We like to say that we’re used to heat here in Houston, but these first days of heat index values this hot can always tax you just a bit more than usual. Try to take it easy outdoors, drink plenty of water, and check on any elderly or vulnerable family, friends, and neighbors.

Sunday through Tuesday

While rain chances look to be nil through Saturday, we have to mention the chance on Sunday afternoon. As high pressure begins revving up in the Western U.S. (Phoenix expected to hit 115° or hotter next week), a boundary off to our north and east will slide back toward southwest Louisiana and East Texas. With our area sort of on the periphery of this high pressure, we could see the Gulf open back up a bit next week and the chance of showers and storms re-enter the picture. The GFS model forecast of the upper pattern on Monday evening is shown below.

Rain chances will be highest north and east of Houston on Sunday and then anywhere in the area on Monday or Tuesday. Widespread heavy rain isn’t expected, but isolated downpours could be locally heavy. Some areas will see nothing, while others could see an inch or two. Outside of the rain chances, it will be hot and humid with highs again in the 90s and lows in the 70s. Those nighttimes may feel just a little extra uncomfortable next week.

Late next week & tropics

The forecast heading into late next week will begin to see confidence drop off, as we introduce the potential for a tropical disturbance in the western Gulf of Mexico. I would expect to see the National Hurricane Center begin to include this area on their 5-day tropical outlook over the weekend. Modeling implies at least a 50 percent chance we get some kind of tropical low (call it an “invest” or depression-level type system), with about a 20 percent chance of a tropical storm and minimal chance of a hurricane.

Nothing eye-popping here, but certainly some continued, if not growing support for a tropical system of some sort. Timing-wise, whatever does happen would probably approach Texas through Louisiana on Friday or Saturday of next week.

It may feel too soon to talk about a legitimate tropical system in the Gulf, but it is coming up on mid-June, and hurricane season is definitely underway. While there is certainly the potential for impacts, at this stage in the game, I don’t see anything overly alarming about this system. As always, that could change, but for now this is something to be aware of, not worried about. Check back in with us this weekend, as I will have a more detailed post on everything we know about this specific system tomorrow or Sunday.

In the meantime, the expectation for later next week should be continued minor to moderate rain chances Wednesday, gradually escalating as we get toward the weekend. We could have marine and wind impacts if a tropical system does indeed develop, but it’s far too soon to say anything specific about that.

Again, look for more about this system, probably Sunday morning. Meanwhile, keep cool!

Good morning. I want to thank you for all your lovely remembrances about Tropical Storm Allison in the comments here, and on Facebook yesterday. For me, too, it is difficult to believe it was 20 years ago. And after the floods, those were the worst mosquitoes I have ever seen in Houston, and that’s saying something!

Houston’s forecast is pretty straightforward from now through most of the weekend. We’re going to experience a lot of sunshine, and our warmest weather of the year as temperatures stay in the mid-90s for much of the region away from the coast. Rain chances will remain near zero until later on Sunday, and most of the region probably will stay dry until the early or middle part of next week when the tropics may, or may not, intervene.

Thursday

The combination of high pressure expanding northward into the region, and a capped atmosphere, should prelude any shower activity today across Houston. Skies will see a mix of clouds and sunshine as highs push into the low- to mid-90s across the region with light southerly winds. Nighttime temperatures will probably drop into the upper 70s away from the coast.

Friday and Saturday

As high pressure expands across the region, these will be hot and sunny days, with highs in the mid-90s for almost everyone by the immediate coast. Lows will be warm, but at least not in the 80s for most, as can happen later in the summer.

Sunday and Monday

High pressure may recede to the west, and this could open up shower chances for some areas on the eastern side of Houston. But any showers that develop will be short-lived, and frankly I expect most of the area will probably remain dry on these days, with mostly sunny skies and warm conditions in the mid-90s.

Next week

Some clouds will return later next week, and this should help to moderate temperatures slightly, and bring back a chance of sea breeze-driven showers during the afternoon hours. Whether these conditions persist for all of next week will depend on the evolution of a tropical system that may form in the southern Gulf of Mexico next week, as discussed below.

The tropics

If you were to only look at the operational runs of the European and GFS models this morning, you’d see a tropical depression of some sort forming in the Southern Gulf of Mexico late Thursday or early Friday of next week. Both of these models then bring a depression or tropical storm northward, toward Texas and Louisiana, about nine days from now. This would lead a keen observer to think that we may see some tropical weather, particularly in the form of higher rain chances, toward the end of next week. You might be concerned.

However, and I can’t stress this enough, the global models have been waffling all over in their solutions for this system. Moreover, there is not all that much support for a tropical storm forming in the ensembles, or moving that far north—it seems just as likely that if a depression forms it will remain bottled up in the Southern Gulf of Mexico. And finally, we’re talking about forecasting a system more than a week from now, when we would expect there to be large errors in the models. Given their inconsistency from run to run, we’re filing this under “Something to watch, but not really be concerned about at this time.” We will, of course, keep you updated as needed.

Thanks to persistent rainfall, we’ve started the month of June cooler than normal in the Houston region. The average temperature, through yesterday, is running 1 to 2 degrees below normal for most of us. But will that trend hold?

First, a word on what we mean by “summer.” There are various definitions of summer. Meteorologists define it as June through August. If we’re going by the solstice, summer runs from June 20 this year to September 22. For a practical Houstonian, I think a good definition of summer is June through September, as that’s the hottest time of year, and the period when we’re most concerned about tropical weather. So for this post, we’ll be looking at the period of June through September.

June outlook

Models are fairly consistent in forecasting a cooler than normal, and wetter than normal June. (Note these seasonal forecasts were released on June 1, so they’re not “cheating” by taking into account the weather to start the month). Given our slightly cooler and definitively wetter start to June, and the potential return of wetter and cooler weather during the second half of next week, I think it’s safe to say these forecasts will verify.

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July, August, and September

The question in my mind, then, is what comes after June? According to NOAA, the broader outlook beyond June sees Houston reverting to a more typical summertime pattern. The precise forecast calls for an average temperature for Houston and surrounding areas of 82.3 degrees, about 0.4 degree above normal. NOAA predicts an 80 percent chance of near normal, or above normal temperatures for July, August, and September. (Sorry, there’s less than a 3 percent chance of a substantially cooler than normal summer).

In terms of precipitation, the forecast calls for 15.0 inches of rainfall, which is pretty much right on normal. So, at this time, there is no expectation of a drought. As always, a single hurricane or tropical storm could completely wreck this precipitation forecast, so please take it with a grain of salt.

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What should you take away from this? First of all, it’s great news that we’re probably not looking at an oppressively hot and dry forecast for this summer. No one wants to see a repeat of the summer of 2011 heat and drought any times soon. In the bigger picture, however, seasonal forecasts are nothing more than a very general guide. It’s still going to be hot this summer, and we’ll need to remain vigilant for any tropical weather.

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